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1-3.66-.948l-.001.097c0 3.668 2.785 6.73 6.482 7.424a8.612 8.612 0 0 1-3.649.13c1.029 3.009 4.011 5.199 7.548 5.26-2.766 2.032-6.25 3.242-10.035 3.242A17.52 17.52 0 0 1 0 26.598C3.576 28.746 7.821 30 12.385 30"></path></g></svg></span></a></div></div><hr class="d5c7y9-0 jAAhhm"/></div></div></div></div><div class="riphwg-1 gBnoao"><div width="12" offset="0" class="riphwg-2 sc-1xct3vi-1 hDbOtM"><div class="no1smy-0 cpBNPQ"><h3>Definition</h3><p>Die Hirnhautentzündung (Meningitis) ist eine Entzündung der bindegewebigen Hüllen (Meningen) ums Gehirn. Kinder und Menschen mit einem geschwächten Immunsystem sind besonders gefährdet, an einer Hirnhautentzündung zu erkranken.</p></div></div></div><div class="riphwg-1 gBnoao"><div width="12" offset="0" class="riphwg-2 sc-1xct3vi-1 hDbOtM"><div class="no1smy-0 cpBNPQ"><h3>Ursachen</h3><p>Die Hirnhautentzündung wird meist durch Bakterien oder Viren verursacht. Aber auch Pilz-Infektionen oder Parasiten (z.B. Hundebandwurm, Fuchsbandwurm) kommen als Ursache in Frage. </p> <p>Die häufigsten Bakterien sind: Meningokokken, Pneumokokken und Hämophilus influenza. </p> <p>Bei den Viren sind es häufig: Mumps, Masern und Röteln Viren, FSME Viren, HIV oder Herpes Viren.</p> <p>Die Erreger gelangen meist über den Blutweg ins Gehirn. Aber auch Infektionen im Kopfbereich (z.B. Mittelohrentzündung, Nebenhöhlenentzündung) oder schwere Kopfverletzungen können eine Hirnhautentzündung auslösen. </p></div></div></div><div class="riphwg-1 gBnoao"><div width="12" offset="0" class="riphwg-2 sc-1xct3vi-1 hDbOtM"><div class="no1smy-0 cpBNPQ"><h3>Symptome (Beschwerden)</h3><p><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Wichtig:</span> Bei Bestehen von starken Kopfschmerzen, Fieber, Nackensteifheit und sich rapid verschlechterndem Allgemeinzustand sofort einen Arzt oder den Rettungsdienst (Telefon 144) rufen.</p> <ul> <li>Nackensteifheit (der Arzt spricht von Meningismus) </li> <li>Kopfschmerzen </li> <li>Fieber (39-40° Fieber) </li> <li>Allgemeines Krankheitsgefühl </li> <li>Erbrechen, Durchfälle (oft bei viraler Ursache) </li> <li>Lichtscheu </li> <li>Bei schwerem Verlauf: Benommenheit, Verwirrtheit, Krampfanfälle bis Koma</li> <li>Alarmzeichen: Viele kleinere bläuliche Flecken, dunkle Knötchen oder fleckige Hautveränderungen (kleinste Hautblutungen) </li> <li><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Bei Säuglingen und Kleinkindern</span> sind die Beschwerden oft weniger ausgeprägt. Sie sind meist "trinkfaul", schläfrig. Sie scheinen "schlecht gelaunt". Auch Krampfanfälle können auftreten.</li> </ul></div></div></div><div class="riphwg-1 gBnoao"><div width="12" offset="0" class="riphwg-2 sc-1xct3vi-1 hDbOtM"><div class="no1smy-0 cpBNPQ"><h3>Diagnose (Untersuchung)</h3><p>Zur Diagnose einer Hirnhautentzündung werden verschiedene Untersuchungen und Abklärungen durchgeführt. Dazu gehören unter anderem: </p> <ul> <li>Der Arzt untersucht, ob eine Nackensteifheit (ein Meningismus) vorliegt </li> <li>Untersuchung der Rückenmarksflüssigkeit (Lumbalpunktion): Zum Nachweis von Zeichen der Infektion und dem Erreger in der Gehirnflüssigkeit </li> <li>Blutuntersuchung: Nachweis der Entzündung und des Erregers </li> </ul></div></div></div><div class="riphwg-1 gBnoao"><div width="12" offset="0" class="riphwg-2 sc-1xct3vi-1 hDbOtM"><div class="no1smy-0 cpBNPQ"><h3>Therapie (Behandlung)</h3><p>Die Hirnhautentzündung ist eine gefährliche Erkrankung und verläuft unbehandelt meist tödlich. Eine schnelle Einweisung ins Spital und sofortiger Therapiebeginn ist deshalb lebenswichtig.</p> <p>Eine Hirnhautentzündung durch Bakterien wird mit Antibiotika behandelt. Bei Verdacht beginnt der Hausarzt sofort mit der Behandlung. Je früher, desto besser! </p> <p>Sind Viren die Ursache, können nur die Beschwerden (Kopfschmerzen, Fieber, Durchfall ect.) behandelt werden. Im Zweifelsfalle gilt aber: Therapie vor endgültiger Diagnose !</p></div></div></div><div class="riphwg-1 gBnoao"><div width="12" offset="0" class="riphwg-2 sc-1xct3vi-1 hDbOtM"><div class="no1smy-0 cpBNPQ"><h3>Mögliche Komplikationen</h3><p>Unbehandelt kann die Hirnhautentzündung zum Tod führen. Lebenswichtig sind möglichst schnelle Diagnosestellung und sofortiger Behandlungsbeginn; wenn möglich bereits durch den Hausarzt, spätestens aber bei Eintritt ins Krankenhaus. Weitere Komplikationen sind Hirnentzündung und Hirnabszess. Die Therapie des Abszesses besteht in einer operativen Entfernung des Herdes, einschliesslich der Abszesskapsel, sowie in der Gabe von Antibiotika. 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Kinder und Menschen mit einem geschwächten Immunsystem sind besonders gefährdet, an einer Hirnhautentzündung zu erkranken.\u003c/p\u003e"}},"extraContentBox":false,"extraContentSize":"0.33"}},{"type":"Pe005Text","props":{"extraContentPosition":"left","componentColor":{"mainColor":null,"secondaryColor":"#FFFFFF"},"richText":{"type":"RichText","props":{"content":"\u003ch3\u003eUrsachen\u003c/h3\u003e\u003cp\u003eDie Hirnhautentzündung wird meist durch Bakterien oder Viren verursacht. Aber auch Pilz-Infektionen oder Parasiten (z.B. Hundebandwurm, Fuchsbandwurm) kommen als Ursache in Frage. \u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDie häufigsten Bakterien sind: Meningokokken, Pneumokokken und Hämophilus influenza. \u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBei den Viren sind es häufig: Mumps, \u0026nbsp;Masern und Röteln Viren, FSME Viren, HIV oder Herpes Viren.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDie Erreger gelangen meist über den Blutweg ins Gehirn. Aber auch Infektionen im Kopfbereich (z.B. Mittelohrentzündung, Nebenhöhlenentzündung) oder schwere Kopfverletzungen können eine Hirnhautentzündung auslösen. \u003c/p\u003e"}},"extraContentBox":false,"extraContentSize":"0.33"}},{"type":"Pe005Text","props":{"extraContentPosition":"left","componentColor":{"mainColor":null,"secondaryColor":"#FFFFFF"},"richText":{"type":"RichText","props":{"content":"\u003ch3\u003eSymptome (Beschwerden)\u003c/h3\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: bold\"\u003eWichtig:\u003c/span\u003e Bei Bestehen von starken Kopfschmerzen, Fieber, Nackensteifheit und sich rapid verschlechterndem Allgemeinzustand sofort einen Arzt oder den Rettungsdienst (Telefon 144) rufen.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eNackensteifheit (der Arzt spricht von Meningismus) \u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eKopfschmerzen \u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eFieber (39-40° Fieber) \u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eAllgemeines Krankheitsgefühl \u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eErbrechen, Durchfälle (oft bei viraler Ursache) \u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eLichtscheu \u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eBei schwerem Verlauf: Benommenheit, Verwirrtheit, Krampfanfälle bis Koma\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eAlarmzeichen: Viele kleinere bläuliche Flecken, dunkle Knötchen oder fleckige Hautveränderungen (kleinste Hautblutungen) \u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: bold\"\u003eBei Säuglingen und Kleinkindern\u003c/span\u003e sind die Beschwerden oft weniger ausgeprägt. Sie sind meist \"trinkfaul\", schläfrig. Sie scheinen \"schlecht gelaunt\". Auch Krampfanfälle können auftreten.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e"}},"extraContentBox":false,"extraContentSize":"0.33"}},{"type":"Pe005Text","props":{"extraContentPosition":"left","componentColor":{"mainColor":null,"secondaryColor":"#FFFFFF"},"richText":{"type":"RichText","props":{"content":"\u003ch3\u003eDiagnose (Untersuchung)\u003c/h3\u003e\u003cp\u003eZur Diagnose\u0026nbsp;einer Hirnhautentzündung\u0026nbsp;werden verschiedene Untersuchungen und Abklärungen durchgeführt. Dazu gehören unter anderem: \u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eDer Arzt untersucht, ob eine Nackensteifheit (ein Meningismus)\u0026nbsp;vorliegt \u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eUntersuchung der Rückenmarksflüssigkeit (Lumbalpunktion): Zum Nachweis von Zeichen der Infektion und dem Erreger in der Gehirnflüssigkeit \u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eBlutuntersuchung: Nachweis der Entzündung und des Erregers \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e"}},"extraContentBox":false,"extraContentSize":"0.33"}},{"type":"Pe005Text","props":{"extraContentPosition":"left","componentColor":{"mainColor":null,"secondaryColor":"#FFFFFF"},"richText":{"type":"RichText","props":{"content":"\u003ch3\u003eTherapie (Behandlung)\u003c/h3\u003e\u003cp\u003eDie Hirnhautentzündung ist eine gefährliche Erkrankung und verläuft unbehandelt meist tödlich. Eine schnelle Einweisung ins Spital und sofortiger Therapiebeginn ist deshalb lebenswichtig.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEine Hirnhautentzündung durch Bakterien wird mit Antibiotika behandelt. Bei Verdacht beginnt der Hausarzt sofort mit der Behandlung. Je früher, desto besser! \u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSind Viren die Ursache, können nur die\u0026nbsp;Beschwerden (Kopfschmerzen, Fieber, Durchfall ect.) behandelt werden. Im Zweifelsfalle gilt aber: Therapie vor endgültiger Diagnose !\u003c/p\u003e"}},"extraContentBox":false,"extraContentSize":"0.33"}},{"type":"Pe005Text","props":{"extraContentPosition":"left","componentColor":{"mainColor":null,"secondaryColor":"#FFFFFF"},"richText":{"type":"RichText","props":{"content":"\u003ch3\u003eMögliche Komplikationen\u003c/h3\u003e\u003cp\u003eUnbehandelt kann die Hirnhautentzündung zum Tod führen. Lebenswichtig sind möglichst\u0026nbsp;schnelle Diagnosestellung und\u0026nbsp;sofortiger Behandlungsbeginn; wenn möglich bereits durch den Hausarzt, spätestens aber bei Eintritt ins Krankenhaus. Weitere Komplikationen sind Hirnentzündung und Hirnabszess. Die Therapie des Abszesses besteht in einer operativen Entfernung des Herdes, einschliesslich der Abszesskapsel, sowie in der Gabe von Antibiotika. Trotz Therapie versterben bis zu 20% der Patienten.\u003c/p\u003e"}},"extraContentBox":false,"extraContentSize":"0.33"}},{"type":"Pe005Text","props":{"extraContentPosition":"left","componentColor":{"mainColor":null,"secondaryColor":"#FFFFFF"},"richText":{"type":"RichText"},"extraContentBox":false,"extraContentSize":"0.33"}}]},{"type":"Area","children":[{"type":"Wrapper","children":[{"type":"Pe009TeaserGridHeader","props":{"componentColor":{"mainColor":"#F7F2E9","secondaryColor":"#FFFFFF"},"headline":"Könnte Sie auch interessieren"}},{"type":"Pe008TeaserGrid","props":{"componentColor":{"mainColor":"#F7F2E9","secondaryColor":"#FFFFFF"},"teaserCount":3},"children":[{"type":"Teaser","props":{"date":{"type":"Text","props":{"type":"small","content":"01.12.2021"}},"image":{"type":"Image","props":{"src":"/.imaging/focus/dam/MyMed/Adobe/Adobe_Zink.jpeg","loadingIndicator":false,"alt":"Zinco","ratio":"0.0"}},"teaserType":"default","link":{"type":"Anchor","props":{"href":"/it/malattie_e_sintomi/lo-zinco-e-indispensabile-al-buon-funzionamento-dell-organismo-umano"}},"text":{"type":"Text","props":{"type":"normal","content":"La dottoressa Isabelle Pache, specialista FMH in gastroenterologia ed epatologia, ci spiega la funzione e l'importanza dello zinco per l’organismo..."}},"category":"Malattie e sintomi","headline":{"type":"Headline","props":{"type":"h5","content":"Lo zinco è indispensabile al buon funzionamento dell’organismo umano"}}}},{"type":"Teaser","props":{"date":{"type":"Text","props":{"type":"small","content":"17.11.2021"}},"image":{"type":"Image","props":{"src":"/.imaging/focus/dam/MyMed/Adobe/Adobe_Demenz_Gehirn.jpeg","loadingIndicator":false,"alt":"Demenza digitale","ratio":"0.0"}},"teaserType":"default","link":{"type":"Anchor","props":{"href":"/it/malattie_e_sintomi/demenza-digitale-esiste-davvero-questa-malattia"}},"text":{"type":"Text","props":{"type":"normal","content":"Viviamo in un mondo digitale. 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